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Health effects of Czech beer
Bokrová, Jitka ; Skoumalová, Petra (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to study physiological effect of various kinds of lager beer and to compare these effects in Czech beer and several beers produced in foreign countries. In theoretical part Czech beer characteristics and biologically active compounds in beer are described. Quantification of total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity and bitter substances was performed photometrically. The quantity of vitamin C was determined by high performance liquid chromatography with spectrophotometrical detection. Beer buffering capacity was analyzed by pH measurement in artificial stomach and intestinal liquid, respectively. Analysis of physiological effect was accomplished by analysis of proteolytic enzyme activity. The total of 22 samples (16 Czech and 6 foreign lager beers) was studied. In these samples levels of basic technological characteristics and buffering capacity were compared. Alcoholic and non-alcoholic beers were compared too. According to experimental data it was confirmed that consumption of Czech beer (mainly lager beer) positively influences digestion process and activity of digestive proteolytic enzymes.
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Spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric aerosol in urban and rural environment
Bendl, Jan ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Mikuška, Pavel (referee) ; Vojtíšek, Michal (referee)
Air quality in Europe remains a significant environmental concern, affecting the health and quality of life of its population. While stationary network ambient air quality monitoring allows for the observation of main trends, it is not fully representative of personal exposure of citizens due to high spatio-temporal variability of atmospheric aerosol. Therefore, highly time-and- space resolved measurements with state-of-the-art instruments and methods are needed to observe the aerosol variability, dynamics, identify hot-spots, and pollution sources, which are necessary for successful targeted mitigation measures. This thesis addresses this gap focusing on the characterization of spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric aerosol in inhabited environments. Novel mobile measurement systems were developed and employed to investigate diverse environments, including rural, urban and suburban area. Aerosol source-apportionment were conducted, and the toxicological effects associated with these environments were also investigated. A novel mobile measurement system was developed for personal exposure measurements and pollution mapping in urban and rural environments. The system was used to measure air quality in the Munich subway, revealing high aerosol dynamics with significantly higher concentrations of...
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Knowledge of students of faculty of education about effect of selected addictive substances on human organism
Fuchsová, Kateřina ; Váchová, Alena (advisor) ; Syřiště, Ivo (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the use of selected addictive substances and their effect on the human body. The work describes the factors that influence the emergence of addictive behavior and specifies how addiction syndrome and withdrawal syndrome develop in humans. It also provides an overview of the increase in the use of addictive substances from the outset to the present. The work mainly deals with the characteristics of selected drugs divided according to the legality of use and their effect on the human body. Last but not least, it discusses the possibilities of preventing the development of addiction to addictive substances, i.e. the prevention. The research part aims to find out what knowledge students of the Faculty of Education of Charles University have about the effects of selected addictive substances on the human body. The questionnaire, which was used for this purpose, shows that students have only average knowledge in this area and therefore do not have a very good overview of what addictive substances cause to the human body, which may present a risk for them. The accuracy of the answers from all research questions reached only 61 %, which is not a satisfactory result. The result of the research could help educators create a plan to deepen student's knowledge and thus increase...
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Effect of selected dietary supplements on the nutritional status of athletes
BOČKOVÁ, Dominika
A modern world brings a various poitns of views and possibilities in human nutrition. This theses is focused on dietary supplements and its using by athletes. Especially it is focused to the athletes for who the sport is essential part of life. The main aim is to chart supplements which are the most commonly used by athletes, to chart their features and functionality, eventualy riskness. Finally the secondary aim is to find out the sense of using them by the subjective view of athletes. What is the real need of using supplements? Is it necessary in in the context of preventing a nutritional deficit? Does it bring any benefits or is it just a marketing movement? Theoretical part is focused to the most using supplements, the legislation and division. Supplements will be analyzed by their functionality and effects. Practical part is focused on athletes for who is using supplements most often - enthusiasts of fitness-bodybuilding and people who often visit gym. The frequency was given by this criterion - it was focused on athletes who have visited the gym several times a week in the last year or longer. Research was conducted by questionnaire and expanded by interview if it was necessary. The questionnaire was distributed in printed version.For realisation was determined a quality research which was attended by ten respondents. All of them operate in sport at amateur level, some of them take part in amateur races, for the rest of them is bodybuilding just a hobby. The questions were asked to find out the way of using of supplements - their frequency and variosity.The research shows the differences between men and women, between profesional athletes and hobby athletes, their knowledge about supplements and the influance of sport enviroment. The athletes were questioned where they found the information about the supplements, how much they invest to buying it and why they using them. For processing purpose was used qualitative analyse of questionnaire. It was discovered that most of respondents do not observe recommended daily dosing, in most of cases was the main reason the recommendation by friend without the consultation with specialist so the athlet did not know what is the real need of nutrition and if the using of supplements is necessary. The most frequently used were the protein drinks and micronutrients - vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin C, magnesium and zinc, and omega 3 fatty acids. Theses could be used like an information resource for explanation what is the point of supplement, the sense of using them in connection of main aim of sport effect. In could also give an information for these ones who are interest in sport nutrition and the general public.
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Kerblík - jeho biologická charakteristika a možnosti celoročního pěstování
TŘÍLETÁ, Jana
Chervil is an important plant not only like the green herb but also for its health effects. The research also deals with other species of chervil, therefore these, which grows in the wild in the Czech Republic, are mentioned marginally. The aim of this thesis was to verify the possibility of cultivation of chervil in the Czech Republic during all year and to describe its biological properties. The conditions for the growing of chervil and their influence on growth rate and yield were assessed in a small-plot trial, established in 2018 in Náměšť nad Oslavou. Sowing was carried out gradually in 7 terms (from April to September). The growth, the time of emergency, the number of emerged plants, the occurrence of weeds, diseases and pests, the length of vegetation, the height of plants, and the yield of leaves were evaluated: Protein, fiber, mineral (Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, F, K, Na, Zn) content was determined in the chervil stalks. The smell and taste of chervil were evaluated sensory. Kitchen use of chervil has been verified on several meals. We can recommend also chervil growing indoors. The sowing in August reached the yield of 2.1 kg/ha and the plant height was 35 cm on the 45-th day of vegetation in field conditions. Intercropping of chervil with radishes can be recommended. For culinary use, we can recommend chervil instead of parsley or in the mixture of fines herbes with chives, parsley and tarragon.
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Effect of selected dietary supplements on the nutritional status of athletes
BOČKOVÁ, Dominika
A modern world brings a various poitns of views and possibilities in human nutrition. This theses is focused on dietary supplements and its using by athletes. Especially it is focused to the athletes for who the sport is essential part of life. The main aim is to chart supplements which are the most commonly used by athletes, to chart their features and functionality, eventualy riskness. Finally the secondary aim is to find out the sense of using them by the subjective view of athletes. What is the real need of using supplements? Is it necessary in in the context of preventing a nutritional deficit? Does it bring any benefits or is it just a marketing movement? Theoretical part is focused to the most using supplements, the legislation and division. Supplements will be analyzed by their functionality and effects. Practical part is focused on athletes for who is using supplements most often - enthusiasts of fitness-bodybuilding and people who often visit gym. The frequency was given by this criterion - it was focused on athletes who have visited the gym several times a week in the last year or longer. Research was conducted by questionnaire and expanded by interview if it was necessary. The questionnaire was distributed in printed version.For realisation was determined a quality research which was attended by ten respondents. All of them operate in sport at amateur level, some of them take part in amateur races, for the rest of them is bodybuilding just a hobby. The questions were asked to find out the way of using of supplements - their frequency and variosity.The research shows the differences between men and women, between profesional athletes and hobby athletes, their knowledge about supplements and the influance of sport enviroment. The athletes were questioned where they found the information about the supplements, how much they invest to buying it and why they using them. For processing purpose was used qualitative analyse of questionnaire. It was discovered that most of respondents do not observe recommended daily dosing, in most of cases was the main reason the recommendation by friend without the consultation with specialist so the athlet did not know what is the real need of nutrition and if the using of supplements is necessary. The most frequently used were the protein drinks and micronutrients - vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin C, magnesium and zinc, and omega 3 fatty acids. Theses could be used like an information resource for explanation what is the point of supplement, the sense of using them in connection of main aim of sport effect. In could also give an information for these ones who are interest in sport nutrition and the general public.
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Health effects of Czech beer
Bokrová, Jitka ; Skoumalová, Petra (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to study physiological effect of various kinds of lager beer and to compare these effects in Czech beer and several beers produced in foreign countries. In theoretical part Czech beer characteristics and biologically active compounds in beer are described. Quantification of total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity and bitter substances was performed photometrically. The quantity of vitamin C was determined by high performance liquid chromatography with spectrophotometrical detection. Beer buffering capacity was analyzed by pH measurement in artificial stomach and intestinal liquid, respectively. Analysis of physiological effect was accomplished by analysis of proteolytic enzyme activity. The total of 22 samples (16 Czech and 6 foreign lager beers) was studied. In these samples levels of basic technological characteristics and buffering capacity were compared. Alcoholic and non-alcoholic beers were compared too. According to experimental data it was confirmed that consumption of Czech beer (mainly lager beer) positively influences digestion process and activity of digestive proteolytic enzymes.
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Specific nutriton as a means of own self-creation of human pesonality - athletes. Case Study
TEPLÁ, Kateřina
Modern times bring a number of new views on the perception of the meaning and role of nutrition in human life. Observing the current lifestyle we can see considerable differences in particular individuals. This work deals with the problem of specific nutrition in connection with a regular sport activity as contributory factors which create the lifestyle of a sportsperson. This work concentrates on the individual for whom the strict and specifically focused nutrition in connection with a regular sports activity creates an inherent part of their life and is therefore the way to fulfillment ? to self-assembly in numerous directions. The goal of this work was to describe the composition of diet and its changes connected to different stages of a sportsman´s ? body-builder´s training plan. To map possible bio.psycho-social consequences. For the implementation of this research a qualitative research strategy was chosen. The research was carried out as a case study. The reference file has been made of a couple of sportspeople-body-builders. A woman and a man representing the current trend of fitness ? body-building followers for whom the connection of sport and well-focused nutrition represents one of their life´s values. The research was implemented in a wider timeframe, in a frame from May 2012 to January 2013. Semi-structured interviews, observation, evidence of different personal documents and activity results were used as data collecting methods. For the data analysis a qualitative analysis of written-down interviews, observations and personal documents, and activity results was carried out. From the conducted research of the particular case it was further found out that the nutrition of a body-builder changes during the different stages of the training preparation, even in rapid ways. Changes of the total amount of food, the change of the ratio or amounts of particular nutrients as well as changes in the choice of consumed food are observable. The observed changes of the sportspeople´s eating correspond with the theoretical knowledge given in the theoretical part of this work. At the bulk stage of this work the eating of the observed couple was characterized by a relatively high intake of energy, especially as the permanently higher intake of carbohydrates, a high intake of proteins and out of all the stages by the highest demanded feed of fat. In the cutting phase of the preparation the food of the observed couple was characterized, on the average, by a lower intake of energy, especially thanks to the limitation of the intake of carbohydrates, by the same or higher amount of proteins than at the bulk stage. The intake of fat in the man´s food basically didn´t change, but the woman decreased the amount of received fat compared to the bulk stage. At the final stage of the preparation the food of the woman was absolutely specific. During the resting and recovery phase of the preparation the eating of the observed couple did not show any strictly given requirements. Out of the research results it is clear that the sportspeople´s approach to food is varied, it differs according to the phase of training preparation. Food can be therefore either an enjoyment or the need to a sportsperson. For the observed couple, food isn´t a taboo. This specific and to some extent extreme lifestyle brings certain positives and certain risks with it. This work can be used as an information material for nutrition therapists focused on working with sportspeople, and for informing sportspeople themselves as well as the wider society about the possibilities of the effects of extremes in nutrition.
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